心肌缺血周负荷对兔心肌血管内皮生长因子表达的影响

目的：研究不同心肌缺血周负荷对兔心肌血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达的影响。方法：健康成年新西兰兔35只，体重2．2—2．5kg。根据不同的周缺血天数随机分为对照组、假手术组、3天，周组、5天，周组和7天，周组。将气囊梗阻器安装在冠状动脉左室支处，建立可控性心肌缺血模型。日缺血负荷为2min／h，2次，天，持续缺血刺激4周。取缺血区心肌观察形态学改变，并采用Western Blot方法检测缺血区和非缺血区心肌VEGF的表达水平。结果：①气囊充气后可以安全、有效地诱发心肌缺血。②与对照组和假手术组相比，缺血组左室支支配区心肌VEGF表达显著增高（P〈0．05）；各缺血亚组间VEGF表达差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。③假手术组心肌VEGF表达与对照组相比无明显变化（P〉0．05）。④左室支支配区心肌VEGF表达和冠状动脉侧支血流量（CCBn呈正相关（r=-0．775，P〈0．01）。结论：持续4周间断性心肌缺血可显著提高缺血区心肌VEGF表达，不同周缺血负荷对其表达无明显影响：缺血区心肌VEGF表达水平和CCBF相关。     

Enterohepatic cycling of bilirubin as a cause of 'black' pigment gallstones in adult life

In contrast to bile salts, which undergo a highly efficient enterohepatic circulation with multiple regulatory and physiologic functions, glucuronic acid conjugates of bilirubin are biliary excretory molecules that in health do not have a continuing biologic life. Intestinal absorptive cells are devoid of recapture transporters for bilirubin conjugates, and their large size and polarity prevent absorption by passive diffusion. However, unconjugated bilirubin, the beta-glucuronidase hydrolysis product of bilirubin glucuronides can be absorbed passively from any part of the small and large intestines. This can occur only if unconjugated bilirubin is kept in solution and does not undergo rapid bacterial reduction to form urobilinoids. Here we collect, and in some cases reinterpret, experimental and clinical evidence to show that in addition to the well-known occurrence in newborns, enterohepatic cycling of unconjugated bilirubin can reappear in adult life. This happens as a result of several common conditions, particularly associated with bile salt leakage from the small intestine, the most notable ileal dysfunction resulting from any medical or surgical cause. We propose that when present in excess, colonic bile salts solubilize unconjugated bilirubin, delay urobilinoid formation, prevent calcium complexing of unconjugated bilirubin and promote passive absorption of unconjugated bilirubin from the large intestine. Following uptake, reconjugation, and resecretion into bile, this source of 'hyperbilirubinbilia' may be the important pathophysiological risk factor for 'black' pigment gallstone formation in predisposed adult humans.     

10％的盐水冰袋用于体外循环术后高热患者降温效果的研究

目的探讨采用10％的盐水冰袋冰敷在体外循环术后高热患者物理降温中的效果。方法对124例体外循环术后高热患者的物理降温效果进行比较，研究组60例，应用10％的盐水冰袋作为物理降温的用具；对照组64例，使用传统的橡胶冰袋冰敷作为物理降温用具。记录降温后不同时间患者体温下降的情况。结果2组病例冰枕冰敷后0．5，1．5h降温效果差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；冰枕冰敷后2．5，4．0h降温效果差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论10％的盐水冰袋冰敷具有降温效果好、持续时间长，冰袋内为霜水，患者感觉舒适，值得临床推广应用。     

益气活血方对进展性脑梗死临床疗效及对血清黏附因子的影响

目的观察益气活血方对进展性脑梗死患者血清黏附因子变化及临床疗效的影响。方法将60例入选进展性脑梗死病例随机分成治疗组和对照组,对照组按西医常规治疗,治疗组按西医常规治疗并加服益气活血方,2周后观察患者血清ICAM-1及VCAM-1表达水平变化,并评估患者中医临床证候积分,神经功能缺损积分及生活质量积分,分析评价疗效。结果治疗后2组患者神经功能缺损积分、生活质量积分及中医证候积分均有明显好转(Ρ<0.01),且治疗组优于对照组(Ρ<0.05)。治疗后2组患者血清ICAM-1及VCAM-1含量均有降低(Ρ<0.01),且治疗组降低更明显(Ρ<0.05)。结论益气活血方能明显改善进展性脑梗死患者的神经功能及生活质量,提高临床疗效,提示益气活血方可能通过降低血清黏附因子水平治疗进展性脑梗死。     

血CTCs和cfDNA联合检测与传统肿瘤标志物检测在辅助诊断乳腺癌中的应用价值比较

目的比较血循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)、循环游离DNA(cf DNA)联合检测与传统肿瘤标志物糖蛋白抗原153(CA153)检测在辅助诊断乳腺癌中的应用价值。方法回顾性选择2017年1月到2019年6月在安徽省第二人民医院收治的82例被确诊的乳腺癌患者为乳腺癌组,选取同期收治的50例乳腺良性疾病患者为乳腺良性疾病组,50例于该院体检的健康女性为对照组。采用ROCHE化学发光仪检测血清CA153水平;采用qPCR检测血浆cf DNA基因水平(241 bp hTERT和100 bp hTERT)和完整性(241 bp hTERT/100 bp hTERT);采用Ce1l Search系统检测血CTCs;受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析血CA153、cf DNA与CTCs诊断乳腺癌的诊断价值。结果乳腺癌组患者的血CTCs阳性表达率为37. 80%,明显高于乳腺良性疾病组的16. 00%(P <0. 05),明显高于对照组的12. 00%(P <0. 05);乳腺癌组的血CA153、241 bp hTERT、100 bp hTERT、241 bp hTERT/100 bp hTERT水平均明显高于乳腺良性疾病组(P <0. 05),乳腺良性疾病组的血CA153、241 bp hTERT、100 bp hTERT、241 bp hTERT/100 bp h TERT水平均明显高于对照组(P <0. 05);ROC分析显示,血cf DNA 241 bp hTERT、100 bp hTERT、241 bp hTERT/100 bp hTERT以及三者联合诊断乳腺癌的曲线下面积(AUC)依次为0. 865、0. 725、0. 870和0. 950;血CTCs和CA153诊断乳腺癌的AUC为0. 609和0. 733,明显低于cf DNA诊断的0. 950。结论血cf DNA对乳腺癌具有较高的诊断价值,有望应用于乳腺癌患者的临床辅助诊断。     

PDCA循环在PICC置管病人健康教育中的应用

[目的]观察PDCA循环的质量管理方法在经外周静脉导入中心静脉置管技术(PICC)病人健康教育中的应用效果.[方法]通过现状调查,发现在PICC病人中存在的健康认知问题,并提出相应健康教育对策和措施,并按计划实施,然后进行效果评估.[结果]目前在PICC病人中尚存在健康教育达标率和满意度偏低的情况,原因与医院和护理人员重视程度不够、健康教育手段简单粗糙有关.通过制订有针对性的健康教育计划,建立具体健康教育实施手段和规范,确定评估指标等措施,实施结果显示病人健康教育的达标率上升至90%,满意度上升至95%,达到了预定目标,从而提高了肿瘤病人的生活质量,有效地预防了PICC的并发症.[结论]PDCA循环是可以应用于PICC病人健康教育的有效管理手段.     

郭士魁活血化瘀学术思想探析

郭士魁先生是中国现代活血化瘀学术思想的奠基人之一,其活血化瘀理论与实践是张仲景与王清任等医家活血化瘀理论与实践的继承与发展。郭老创造性地将活血化瘀法应用于冠心病心绞痛的治疗,大大提高了冠心病的疗效,使活血化瘀法从此成为冠心病治疗最重要的治法。文章对郭老活血化瘀学术思想进行探析,希望能对中医临床活血化瘀法用药提供参照。     

基于物质基础评价不同干燥工艺对天舒胶囊质量的影响

从天舒胶囊所含化学成分的角度,考察热风循环干燥、喷雾干燥2种干燥方式对天舒胶囊质量的影响,运用UPLCDAD技术首次建立天舒胶囊UPLC指纹图谱,并通过UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS技术对其主要成分进行鉴定,共鉴定出62个化合物,其中21个化合物为首次在天舒胶囊中被报道。实验表明这2种干燥方式对天舒胶囊中化学成分的种类无影响,但在部分成分的含量上有差别;且以10批热风循环干燥样品生成的共有模式作为对照图谱,喷雾干燥样品的指纹图谱相似度为0.877,2种干燥方式样品的指纹图谱相似程度很高。该研究首次采用UPLC-DAD技术结合UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS技术快速、全面、准确评价不同干燥方式下天舒胶囊化学成分的差异,为天舒胶囊质量评价提供依据。     

The AB Portable Driver Generates Higher Drive‐Line Pressures Possibly Leading to Accelerated Hemolysis

The AB5000 Circulatory Support System is paracorporeal pulsatile ventricular assist device. The AB Portable Driver is a portable console for this system. We experienced two cases with accelerated hemolysis while receiving support by the AB Portable Driver. The purpose of this study was to clarify the mechanical differences associated with the hemolysis between the AB5000 console and the AB Portable Driver. The mock circulatory system modeled by an AB5000 ventricle and a blood sampling bag of vinyl chloride was run with an AB5000 console or AB Portable Driver. The peak drive‐line pressure, the mean arterial cannula pressure and the pumping rate of the VAD were recorded. The AB5000 console generated a peak drive‐line pressure of 280–300 mm Hg in LVAD mode and 210–220 mm Hg in RVAD mode, approximately 100 mm Hg lower than officially documented. In contrast, the AB Portable Driver generated pressures of 310–330 mm Hg in LVAD mode and 230–250 mm Hg in RVAD mode, 65–95 mm Hg higher than officially documented. The AB Portable Driver console generates higher drive‐line pressures than the AB5000 console, possibly explaining the accelerated hemolysis.